A relay board is an electronic switching module that allows low-power control signals (from devices like Arduino, Raspberry Pi, or PLCs) to operate high-power AC or DC appliances such as lights, fans, motors, or pumps. It is available in different channel options (1, 2, 4, 8, 16) and often includes LED indicators, screw terminals, and optocoupler isolation for safety and reliability. Relay boards are widely used in home automation, industrial automation, and robotics applications.